Metode Istinbath Ahkam Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Kontemporer: Studi Kasus Tentang Fatwa dan Ijtihad

Allam Tri Mufadhol, Neni Nuraeni

Abstract


Istinbath ahkam is the process of deriving Islamic law from the Qur'an and Sunnah through ijtihadi reasoning, taking into account social context and maqashid sharia. In the contemporary era, ijtihad is a key mechanism in responding to changing times and new issues not explicitly addressed in classical sources. Fatwas resulting from collective ijtihad serve as important guidelines for Muslims facing social, technological, and economic dynamics. Istinbath methods such as qiyas, istihsan, maslahah mursalah, and sadd al-dzari'ah are employed to resolve contemporary issues with an inclusive and contextual maqashid approach. Case studies of contemporary fatwas from MUI and international bodies demonstrate the adaptability of Islamic law to digital financial technology, bioethics, and socio-political and environmental issues. Thus, Islamic legal istinbath remains relevant and responsive in safeguarding the welfare of the Muslim community amid modern advancements.


Keywords


Istinbath Ahkam, Ijtihad, Fatwa, Maqashid Sharia, Istinbath Methods, Contemporary Islamic Law

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alak, Alina Isac. “The Islamic Humanist Hermeneutics: Definition,Characteristics, and Relevance.” ISLAM AND CHRISTIAN–MUSLIM RELATIONS 34, no. 4 (2023): 313–336. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2023.2282842.

Ariyadi. “Metodologi Istinbath Hukum Prof. Dr. Wahbah Az Zuhaili.” Jurnal Hadratul Madaniyah 4, no. 1 (2017): 32–39.

Asa’ari, Asa’ari, Zufriani Zufriani, Arzam Arzam, and Doli Witro. “Urgensi Pemahaman Terhadap Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Dan Perubahan Sosial Dalam Istinbath Al-Ahkam.” De Jure: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syari’ah 13, no. 2 (2021). https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v13i2.13818.

Az-Zuhaili, Wahbah. Al-Wajiz Fi Usul Al-Fiqh. Dar Al-Fikr. Damaskus, 2006.

Az-Zuhaili,. Ushul Al-Fiqh Al-Islami. Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr, 2011.

Contributors, Wikipedia. “Fatwa.” Wikimedia Foundation, 2025.

Az-Zuhaili,. “Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence Wikipedia.” Wikimedia Foundation, 2025.

Indonesia, Majelis Ulama. “Pedoman Penetapan Fatwa.” Jakarta, 2015.

Jafar, Usman. “Ijtihad Dan Urgensinya.” Al Risalah : Jurnal Llmu Syariah Dan Hukum 19, no. 2 (2019): 179–86.

Kawakib, Kawakib, Hafidz Syuhud, and Yusuf Yusuf. “Sadd Al-Dzari’ah Sebagai Hukum Islam.” Al-Bayan: Jurnal Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Hadist 4 (December 22, 2020): 78–104. https://doi.org/10.35132/albayan.v4i1.103.

M., Fauzi. “Urgensi Ijtihad Saintifik Dalam Menjawab Problematika Hukum Transaksi Kontemporer.” AL-RISALAH : Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah 13, no. 2 (2013): 1–21.

Malik, Muhammad Abdul. “Implementasi Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional No.17/DSN-MUI/IX/2000 Tentang Sanksi Atas Nasabah Mampu Yang Menunda-Nunda Pembayaran (Studi Kasus Di BMT NU Sejahtera Mangkang Kota Semarang).” UIN Walisongo, 2016.

Mustaring. “Urgensi Ijtihad Saintifik Dalam Menjawab Problematika Hukum Transaksi Kontemporer.” Jurnal Hukum Diktum 8, no. 2 (2010): 174–89.

Saeed, Abdullah, and Ali Akbar. “Contextualist Approaches and the Interpretation of the Qur’ān.” Religions 12, no. 7 (2021).

Samsidar, Achmad Musyahid, and Lomba Sultan. “Logika Istiṣlāḥi Dalam Menyelesaikan Persoalan Hukum Kontemporer.” EKSPOSE: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Dan Pendidikan 23, no. 1 (2024): 34–48.

Septiane, Dinda Awliya, and Muhammad Aziz. “METODE ISTINBATH HUKUM MELALUI MAQASHID SYARIAH.” Jurnal Maqashid Syariah 1, no. 1 (2016): 1–16.

Urip. “SUMBER-SUMBER HUKUM ISLAM (Al-Qur’an,Hadits, Ijma’ Dan Qiyas).” Bogor: Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam (STAI) Nida El Adabi, 2021.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16935179

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Allam Tri Mufadhol, Neni Nuraeni

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial

ISSN : 3025-6704